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The glucocorticoid receptor (GR, or GCR) also known as NR3C1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1) is the receptor to which cortisol and other glucocorticoids bind. The GR is expressed in almost every cell in the body and regulates genes controlling the development, metabolism, and immune response. Because the receptor gene is expressed in several forms, it has many different (pleiotropic) effects in different parts of the body. When the GR binds to glucocorticoids, its primary mechanism of action is the regulation of gene transcription.〔 (full text )〕 The unbound receptor resides in the cytosol of the cell. After the receptor is bound to glucocorticoid, the receptor-glucorticoid complex can take either of two paths. The activated GR complex up-regulates the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins in the nucleus or represses the expression of pro-inflammatory proteins in the cytosol (by preventing the translocation of other transcription factors from the cytosol into the nucleus). In humans, the GR protein is encoded by ''NR3C1'' gene which is located on chromosome 5 (5q31). == Structure == Like the other steroid receptors, the glucocorticoid receptor is modular in structure and contains the following domains (labeled A - F): * A/B - N-terminal regulatory domain * C - DNA-binding domain (DBD) * D - hinge region * E - ligand-binding domain (LBD) * F - C-terminal domain 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「glucocorticoid receptor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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